Abstract:

Using the data of Jiangsu rice regional experiment in 2011 to 2012 and the yield data of machine-transplanted japonica rice on high-yielding demonstration field in 2013 and 2014, the yield stability and super-high-yielding characteristics of super rice variety Nangeng 9108 were analyzed in order to provide some references for super high yielding cultivation, large-area extension and application of this variety. The results indicated that the yielding ability, stability and adaptability of Nangeng 9108 were better than that of Huaidao 9. The grain yield was significantly increased by improving cultivation technology or the environment. Super-high-yielding rice had more population spikelets than the middle high-yielding rice, the high-yielding rice and higher-yielding rice. And the difference among them was significant. There was no significant difference in seed setting rate and 1 000-grain weight among the grain yield of four types of populations. In order to enlarge the population spikelets, it depended on enriching the effective panicles from middle-yielding to high-yielding, while increasing spikelets per panicle was the major factor from high-yielding to higher-yielding and super-high-yielding. Correlation analysis showed that the yield was significantly positively correlated with the population spikelets and spikelets per panicle, and was un-significantly positively correlated with the effective panicles, seed setting rate and     1 000-grain weight． Path analysis showed that the population spikelets had the greatest direct effect on the yield, followed by the spikelets per panicle and effective panicles. The seed setting rate and 1 000-grain weight had indirect effect on the yield by indirect negative influence on the spikelets per panicle, effective panicles and the population spikelets. The characteristics of super-high-yielding on Nanjing 9108 are enriching the population spikelets on the basis of sufficient effective panicles and larger panicle type. Therefore, stable 1 000-grain-weight and seed setting rate are needed for increasing total spikelets.

Key words: super rice, Nangeng 9108, yielding, stability, characteristics of super-high-yielding

摘要：

对超级稻新品种南粳9108在2011-2012年江苏省区域试验中产量的稳定性和2013-2014年江苏省机插高产栽培示范方中高产形成的特征特性进行了分析，以期为南粳9108的超高产栽培及示范推广提供理论依据。研究结果表明：（1）南粳9108的丰产性、稳产性和适应性均优于对照淮稻9号，产量潜力较高，通过改善栽培技术或环境能显著增加产量。（2）南粳9108从中高产到高产到更高产再到超高产，群体颖花量不断提高，且不同产量等级间差异显著，而结实率和千粒重在4个产量等级间略有增减，但差异不显著。群体颖花量的提高在由中高产提高到高产的水平上，主要依靠单位面积有效穗数的增加，而由高产提高到更高产再提高到超高产水平，则主要依靠在稳定足够穗数基础上增加每穗粒数。南粳9108产量与群体总颖花量和每穗粒数呈显著正相关，与有效穗数、千粒重和结实率呈不显著正相关。通径分析显示，群体总颖花量对产量的直接作用最大，其次是每穗粒数和有效穗数。千粒重和结实率通过影响有效穗数、每穗粒数和总颖花量而间接影响产量。因此，南粳9108超高产栽培应以足量的穗数获取较大的穗型，保证群体具有较大的总颖花量，并保持正常的结实率与千粒重。

关键词: 超级稻, 南粳9108, 产量, 稳定性, 高产特征